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But in repetitive tasks, requiring convergent thinking in structured environments, such as adhering to safety procedures in flying or healthcare, homogenous groups often do better. When trying to complete complex tasks that require diverse skills and perspectives, such as conducting research and designing processes, heterogeneous groups may substantially outperform homogeneous ones. Teams that have potentially opposing points of view can more effectively counter biases.
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Various studies have found that groups consisting of individuals with homogeneous opinions and beliefs have a greater tendency toward biased decision making. By keeping the group to between three and five people, a size that people naturally gravitate toward when interacting, you can reduce these negative effects while still benefitting from multiple perspectives.Ĭhoose a heterogenous group over a homogenous one (most of the time). The larger the group, the greater the tendency for its members to research and evaluate information in a way that is consistent with pre-existing information and beliefs. For example, research shows that groups with seven or more members are more susceptible to confirmation bias. Large groups are much more likely to make biased decisions. Keep the group small when you need to make an important decision. Based on behavioral and decision science research and years of application experience, we have identified seven simple strategies for more effective group decision making: This doesn’t mean that groups shouldn’t make decisions together, but you do need to create the right process for doing so. And most of these processes occur subconsciously. Individual biases can easily spread across the group and lead to outcomes far outside individual preferences. Misconceived expert opinions can quickly distort a group decision. Because of an over-reliance on hierarchy, an instinct to prevent dissent, and a desire to preserve harmony, many groups fall into groupthink. Larger pools of knowledge are by no means a guarantee of better outcomes. After all, more minds are better than one, right? Not necessarily. When you have a tough business problem to solve, you likely bring it to a group.